When browsing the sparkling wine section at a store or reading a wine list at a restaurant, you may come across the terms ‘Vino Spumante’ and ‘Prosecco.’ While they both refer to types of sparkling wine, they are not exactly the same. Many people assume that all bubbly Italian wines are Prosecco, but in reality, ‘Vino Spumante’ is a broader term that includes a variety of sparkling wines, including Prosecco. Understanding the differences and overlaps between the two can help you make better wine choices and appreciate their unique characteristics.
Understanding the Term ‘Vino Spumante’
What Does Vino Spumante Mean?
In Italian, ‘vino’ means wine, and ‘spumante’ translates to ‘sparkling.’ Therefore, ‘Vino Spumante’ simply means ‘sparkling wine.’ It is not a specific type of wine, but rather a general category that includes any wine with bubbles made in Italy. This can include sweet and dry varieties, white, rosé, and even red sparkling wines.
Types of Vino Spumante
There are many kinds of Vino Spumante produced across Italy. Some are made using the traditional method, while others use the Charmat method (like Prosecco). Here are a few well-known types:
- Prosecco From the Veneto and Friuli regions, made mostly with Glera grapes.
- Franciacorta A premium sparkling wine made with Chardonnay, Pinot Nero, and Pinot Bianco using the traditional method.
- Asti Spumante A sweet sparkling wine from Piedmont, made from Moscato Bianco grapes.
- Lambrusco A slightly sparkling red wine, sometimes dry or sweet.
What Is Prosecco?
Prosecco Defined
Prosecco is a specific type of Vino Spumante, made primarily from Glera grapes and produced in designated regions in northeastern Italy, especially in Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia. It is usually light, crisp, and fruity, making it a popular choice for celebrations and casual sipping. Prosecco is mostly made using the Charmat method, which preserves its fresh and vibrant character.
Prosecco DOC and DOCG
Prosecco is classified under two main quality labels:
- DOC (Denominazione di Origine Controllata) A broader classification covering a larger region, offering consistency in production quality.
- DOCG (Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita) A higher-tier label, reserved for wines made in more specific zones like Conegliano Valdobbiadene or Asolo, ensuring stricter quality controls.
Is Vino Spumante Prosecco?
The Relationship Between the Two
All Prosecco is Vino Spumante, but not all Vino Spumante is Prosecco. Think of Vino Spumante as the umbrella term for all sparkling wines produced in Italy. Prosecco is one of the most popular and widely exported examples under this category, but it must meet specific production rules to be labeled as such. If a wine is labeled as Vino Spumante without the word ‘Prosecco,’ it may be a different grape variety or style of sparkling wine.
Labeling and Market Differences
Some bottles are labeled as ‘Vino Spumante’ rather than ‘Prosecco’ because they do not meet the strict criteria for Prosecco labeling. This might be due to grape variety, production methods, or origin. However, Vino Spumante can still be high in quality and flavor. In fact, many Italian producers offer excellent Vino Spumante at lower price points, making it a budget-friendly alternative to Prosecco.
Production Methods
Charmat Method
This is the most common method for producing Prosecco. It involves fermenting the wine in large pressurized tanks, which helps retain the fresh fruit flavors and gentle bubbles. This method is quicker and more affordable than the traditional method and contributes to Prosecco’s approachable price and refreshing style.
Traditional Method
Also known as ‘Metodo Classico,’ this process is used for wines like Franciacorta. The second fermentation takes place inside the bottle, creating finer and longer-lasting bubbles. Wines made with this method usually develop more complex flavors over time, including notes of brioche or nuts.
Flavor Profiles and Food Pairings
Typical Flavor Characteristics of Prosecco
Prosecco typically features notes of green apple, pear, citrus, and white flowers. It is usually light-bodied with a slightly sweet taste, although dry versions are available as well.
How Vino Spumante Varies
Since Vino Spumante encompasses a wide range of wines, its flavor profile can vary significantly depending on the grapes used, the region, and the production method. For example, an Asti Spumante is sweet and aromatic, while a Franciacorta is dry and complex.
Food Pairing Ideas
- Prosecco: Great with light appetizers, seafood, sushi, or creamy cheeses.
- Franciacorta: Pairs well with roast chicken, risotto, or mushroom dishes.
- Asti Spumante: Ideal with desserts like fruit tarts, panettone, or biscotti.
- Lambrusco: Complements cured meats, pizza, and grilled vegetables.
Buying Tips and Recommendations
What to Look For
When purchasing Prosecco or Vino Spumante, consider these tips:
- Check for the DOC or DOCG label for Prosecco to ensure quality and origin.
- Examine the sweetness level on the label look for Brut (dry), Extra Dry (off-dry), or Dry (slightly sweet).
- Don’t overlook lesser-known Vino Spumante wines. Many are delicious and offer excellent value.
Serving Suggestions
Serve sparkling wines chilled, around 4045°F (47°C). Use flute glasses to preserve the bubbles and enjoy the aromas. Avoid storing sparkling wine for too long, as it is best consumed fresh.
Cultural and Global Popularity
Prosecco’s Rise in Popularity
Over the past two decades, Prosecco has become one of the best-selling sparkling wines worldwide. Its affordability, friendly flavor profile, and versatility have made it a favorite for celebrations, brunches, and cocktails like the Bellini or Aperol Spritz.
Vino Spumante’s Broader Appeal
While Prosecco dominates exports, many Vino Spumante varieties are gaining recognition. Wine enthusiasts are discovering the diversity of Italian sparkling wines beyond just Prosecco. Each style offers something unique, from festive sweetness to refined dryness.
In summary, Vino Spumante and Prosecco are closely related but not identical. Prosecco is a type of Vino Spumante made from Glera grapes in specific Italian regions using the Charmat method. It is one of the most popular sparkling wines globally, but Vino Spumante includes many other styles with their own distinct characteristics. Knowing the difference helps consumers make more informed and adventurous wine choices. Whether you prefer the fruity elegance of Prosecco or want to explore other sparkling wines under the Vino Spumante umbrella, Italian bubbles offer something for everyone.